BeFearless库克在杜克大学毕业演讲

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当地时间2018年5月13日，苹果CEO蒂姆·库克(Tim Cook)在母校杜克大学发表毕业演讲，他对现场的年轻人呼吁：请无所畏惧。以下为演讲精彩内容，后附英文。

本文来源： 网易公开课 （ID：open163）

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伟大的想法来自于拒绝接受现状

杜克大学给我留下了美好的回忆。在这里，我与直到现在还是好友的同学一起学习，享受其他大学生活，在Cameron篮球馆庆祝每一场胜利。当取得北卡罗来纳州胜利时，欢呼声更大。

现在请回头看看这里，和这里道别，这是今天要做的第一件事情。之后你需要向前看，然后做今天要做的第二件事情。你即将走出校园，接过接力棒。

你将在一个充满挑战的时代走进这个世界。

我们的国家出现了深度的分歧——太多的美国人拒绝听取与他们不同的观点。

我们的星球在加剧暖化，从而产生了令人绝望的后果——但是很多人甚至不承认这样的事情正在发生。 

我们的学校和社区正在不平等中苦苦挣扎——我们无法做到让每一个学生都接受到良好的教育，然后顺利毕业。

然而，在这些问题面前，我们并非毫无力量。你有力量去解决这些问题。

你们这一代比以往所有的人都掌握着更强大的力量。你们这一代能够快速让世界出现改变，这种速度是以往任何一代人都做不到的。受惠于技术，每一个人都能拥有工具和潜能，从而让世界变得更好。

我们可以让这个时代变成最好的时代，最适合生活的时代。无论你选择将毕生精力投入做什么，无论你的兴趣要带你去向何处。我非常希望你能拿起自己所获得的力量，并且将它用在正确的地方。在你离开这个世界的时候，你应该让它变得比你到来那一天更好。

我以前对于生活的认识没有现在清楚。但是我认识到，生命中最严苛的挑战，就是知道何时应该突破传统的观念。不要只接受世界的成规，也不要安于现状。

如果人们不敢去尝试不同的东西，我们就无法征服挑战，也无法做到长久的提升。你们要敢于“非同凡想”（think different）。

我很幸运，能够跟随深信这一点的人学习。曾经有个人，他知道改变世界需要从“追随愿景，而非路径”开始。这个人就是我的朋友、导师——史蒂夫·乔布斯。

史蒂夫的愿景就是，伟大的想法来自不断拒绝接受事情的现状。如今，他的这些原则依然在苹果公司指导我们。我们拒绝接受“全球变暖是不可避免的事情”这种观念。所以苹果公司所使用的都是100%可再生能源。

我们拒绝接受“要想最大化享受技术带来的便利，就要牺牲用户的隐私”这种借口。所以我们选择了不同的发展道路：我们尽可能少的收集你的数据。我们对于用户的隐私要处理周全，并且尊重用户的隐私，因为我们知道这些数据属于你。

在这条道路上，每次遇到转角我们问自己的并不是“我们能作什么”，而是“我们应该做什么”。因为乔布斯教会了我们改变如何发生。从他那里，我学会了一点：从不满足于现状。我认为这种思考方式能够很自然的被年轻人所接受，你们永远都不要放弃这种不懈的追求。 

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做最后一个接受现状和第一个做出改变的人

因此，今天的典礼并不是为了给你颁发学位，而是为了给你提出一个问题：

你要如何挑战现状？你要如何推进世界向前发展？

50年前的今天——1968年5月13日——罗伯特·肯尼迪（Robert Kennedy）在内布拉斯加州参加竞选，他向当时正在思考同一个问题的学生发表了演讲。

那是一个充满麻烦的时代。当时的美国正现在越战的泥潭中。美国的城市内充满了无休止的暴力行为。一个月之前，马丁·路德·金博士被暗杀，举国上下依然沉浸在震惊中。

肯尼迪呼吁那些学生行动起来。放眼望去，歧视和贫穷拖了美国人生活的后腿，那时的美国社会缺少公正和平等。肯尼迪说，你应该成为最后一个接受这种现状的人。我们今天依然应该牢记肯尼迪所说的那句话。

“你应该成为最后一个接受这种现状的人。”无论你选择的是哪条道路。

无论是医药行业、商业、工程行业、人文行业——无论你喜欢什么，你都要做最后接受“世界无法改善”这种想法的那个人。你要做最后接受“完成工作必须要这样”的借口的那个人。杜克大学的毕业生们，你要做最后一个接受现状的人。

但是你要做第一个做出改变的人。你们都接收到了世界一流的教育，你们为此付出了大量的努力，这种教育为你们提供了很多机会，而这些机会是只有少数人才能获得的。

你们拥有独一无二的资格，因此你们也有独一无二的责任，为世界搭建一条更好的前进道路。这个事情并不轻松，它需要你拥有极大的勇气。但是这种勇气不仅能够帮你把生活变得更充实，它还将会让你改变其他人的生活。

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请找到自己无畏的那一面

上个月我前往伯明翰参加了马丁·路德金·逝世50周年纪念活动。我有幸和那些曾与马丁·路德·金共同前进和工作的人们共处了一段时间。

在那个时代，他们中的很多人和你们现在一样青春年少。他们对我说，当他们违背了父母的意愿，加入了静坐和抵制活动时，他们那时面对的是警犬和消防水管，他们那时冒着失去一切的风险——但是他们依然毫不犹豫的成为了捍卫公正的斗士。

因为他们当时深知改变将会到来。因为他们那时深深地相信公正的力量。因为他们知道，尽管自己正处于逆境，但是他们有机会为后人铺设一条更好的道路。

我们都应该以他们为榜样，向他们学习。如果你希望改变世界，你就必须找到自己无畏的那一面。此时此刻，你可能像我毕业那天一样，完全没有觉得无所畏惧。

也许你现在考虑的是希望找到什么样的工作，或是将去哪里生活，或是如何偿清助学贷款。我明白，这些都是现实的问题。我也曾经面临过这些问题。但是不要让这些问题阻止你做出改变的步伐。

无畏的意思是迈出第一步，即使你不知道这条路将会带你去向何方。它的意思是拥有一个更高尚的目的，让这个目的鼓励着你，而不是让其他人的喝彩鼓励着你。它的意思是，当你在人群之外时展现你的个性，而不是站在人群之中的时候。

如果你迈出了这一步，不怕失败……如果你和其他人进行对话，并且倾听，不怕被拒绝……如果你时刻
表现出善良，即使根本没有人注意你，即使你做的善事很小，并且无关紧要，但是相信我，只要你做到这些，其他的东西一定会接踵而至。

更重要的是，当重大的挑战突然出现在你面前的时候，你将能够征服它。正是那些看似无关紧要的小事让我们找到了无畏。

佛罗里达州Parkland的学生们是无畏的，对于枪击事件他们拒绝保持沉默，并且让数百万人和他们站在一起。“Me too”和“time’s up”运动中的女性是无畏的，他们在黑暗中寻求光明，让我们朝着更平等的未来前进。那些为移民争取权利的人是无畏的，他们明白，唯有拥抱所有想要做出贡献的人，我们才能获得光明的未来。

杜克大学的毕业生们，你们要无所畏惧。要做最后一个接受现状的人，做第一个站出来让情况变得更好的人。

1964年，马丁·路德·金在Page Auditorium对公众发布了一次演讲。那些无法获得座位的学生在体育馆外的草坪上听了他的演讲。他警告说，有一天我们都要被审判，坏人的言行固然将会受到审判，而好人的沉默和冷淡也会遭到审判，这些好人只会坐在那里说“看时间吧”。

马丁·路德·金曾站在杜克大学的校园中说到：“做正确的事情，随时都是正确的时机。”对于你们来说，这个时机就是现在。一直都是现在。

现在就是你们给这条道路添砖加瓦的时候。

现在是我们所有人前进的时候。

现在是你带领人们前进的时候。

感谢你们，2018级毕业生！

附英文原文

Hello, Blue Devils! It’s great to be back.

It’s an honor to stand before you—both as your commencement speaker and a fellow Duke graduate.

I earned my degree from the Fuqua School in 1988. In preparing for this speech, I reached out to one of my favorite professors from back then. Bob Reinheimer taught a great course in Management Communications, which included sharpening your public speaking skills.

We hadn’t spoken for decades, so I was thrilled when he told me: he remembered a particularly gifted public speaker who took his class in the 1980s…

With a bright mind and a charming personality!
He said he knew—way back then—this person was destined for greatness.

You can imagine how this made me feel. Professor Reinheimer had an eye for talent. And, if I do say so, I think his instincts were right…

Melinda Gates has really made her mark on the world.

I’m grateful to Bob, Dean Boulding, and all of my Duke professors. Their teachings have stayed with me throughout my career.

I want to thank President Price, the Duke Faculty, and my fellow members of the Board of Trustees for the honor of speaking with you today. I’d also like to recognize this year’s honorary degree recipients.

And most of all, congratulations to the class of 2018!

No graduate gets to this moment alone. I want to acknowledge your parents, grandparents and friends here cheering you on, just as they have every step of the way. Let’s give them our thanks.

Today especially, I remember my mother, who watched me graduate from Duke. I wouldn’t have been there that day—or made it here today—without her support.

Let’s give our special thanks to all the mothers here today, on Mother’s Day.

I have wonderful memories here. Studying—and not studying—with people I still count as friends to this day. Cheering at Cameron for every victory.

Cheering even louder when that victory is over Carolina.

Look back over your shoulder fondly and say goodbye to act one of your life. And then quickly look forward. Act two begins today. It’s your turn to reach out and take the baton.

You enter the world at a time of great challenge.

Our country is deeply divided—and too many Americans refuse to hear any opinion that differs from their own.

Our planet is warming with devastating consequences—and there are some who deny it’s even happening.

Our schools and communities suffer from deep inequality—we fail to guarantee every student the right to a good education.

And yet we are not powerless in the face of these problems. You are not powerless to fix them.

No generation has ever held more power than yours. And no generation has been able to make change happen faster than yours can. The pace at which progress is possible has accelerated dramatically. Aided by technology, every individual has the tools, potential, and reach to build a better world.

That makes this the best time in history to be alive.

Whatever you choose to do with your life…

Wherever your passion takes you.

I urge you to take the power you have been given and use it for good. Aspire to leave this world better than you found it.

I didn’t always see life as clearly as I do now. But I’ve learned the greatest challenge of life is knowing when to break with conventional wisdom.

Don’t just accept the world you inherit today.

Don’t just accept the status quo.

No big challenge has ever been solved, and no lasting improvement has ever been achieved, unless people dare to try something different. Dare to think different.

I was lucky to learn from someone who believed this deeply. Someone who knew that changing the world starts with “following a vision, not a path.” He was my friend and mentor, Steve Jobs.

Steve’s vision was that great ideas come from a restless refusal to accept things as they are. And those principles still guide us at Apple today.

We reject the notion that global warming is inevitable.

That’s why we run Apple on 100% renewable energy.

We reject the excuse that getting the most out of technology means trading away your right to privacy.

So we choose a different path: Collecting as little of your data as possible. Being thoughtful and respectful when it’s in our care. Because we know it belongs to you.

In every way, at every turn, the question we ask ourselves is not ‘what can we do’ but ‘what should we do’.

Because Steve taught us that’s how change happens. And from him I learned to never be content with things as they are.

I believe this mindset comes naturally to young people…and you should never let go of that restlessness.

So today’s ceremony isn’t just about presenting you with a degree, it’s about presenting you with a question.

How will you challenge the status quo? How will you push the world forward?

Fifty years ago today—May 13th, 1968—Robert Kennedy was campaigning in Nebraska, and spoke to a group of students who were wrestling with that same question.

Those were troubled times, too. The U.S. was at war in Vietnam. There was violent unrest in America’s cities. And the country was still reeling from the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King a month earlier.

Kennedy gave the students a call to action. When you look across this country, and when you see peoples’ lives held back by discrimination and poverty… when you see injustice and inequality. He said, you should be the last people to accept things as they are.

Let Kennedy’s words echo here today.
“You should be the last people to accept [it].”
Whatever path you’ve chosen…
Be it medicine, business, engineering, the h
umanities—whatever drives your passion. Be the last to accept the notion that the world you inherit cannot be improved.
Be the last to accept the excuse that says, “That’s just how things are done here.” Duke graduates, you should be the last people to accept it.
And you should be the first to change it.

The world-class education you’ve received—that you’ve worked so hard for—gives you opportunities that few people have.

You are uniquely qualified, and therefore uniquely responsible, to build a better way forward. That won’t be easy. It will require great courage.

But that courage will not only help you live your life to the fullest—it will empower you to transform the lives of others.

Last month I was in Birmingham to mark the fiftieth anniversary of Dr. King’s assassination. And I had the incredible privilege of spending time with women and men who marched and worked alongside him.

Many of them were younger at the time than you are now. They told me that when they defied their parents and joined the sit-ins and boycotts, when they faced the police dogs and firehoses, they were risking everything they had—becoming foot soldiers for justice without a second thought.

Because they knew that change had to come.
Because they believed so deeply in the cause of justice.

Because they knew, even with all the adversity they had faced, they had the chance to build something better for the next generation.

We can all learn from their example. If you hope to change the world, you must find your fearlessness.

Now, if you’re anything like I was on graduation day, maybe you’re not feeling so fearless.

Maybe you’re thinking about the job you hope to get, or wondering where you’re going to live, or how to repay that student loan. These, I know, are real concerns. I had them, too. But don’t let those worries stop you from making a difference.

Fearlessness means taking the first step, even if you don’t know where it will take you. It means being driven by a higher purpose, rather than by applause.

It means knowing that you reveal your character when you stand apart, more than when you stand with the crowd.

If you step up, without fear of failure… if you talk and listen to each other, without fear of rejection… if you act with decency and kindness, even when no one is looking, even if it seems small or inconsequential, trust me, the rest will fall into place.

More importantly, you’ll be able to tackle the big things when they come your way. It’s in those truly trying moments that the fearless inspire us.

Fearless like the students of Parkland, Florida—who refuse to be silent about the epidemic of gun violence, and have rallied millions to their cause.

Fearless like the women who say “me, too” and “time’s up”… women who cast light into dark places, and move us toward a more just and equal future.

Fearless like those who fight for the rights of immigrants… who understand that our only hopeful future is one that embraces all who want to contribute.

Duke graduates, be fearless.

Be the last people to accept things as they are, and the first people to stand up and change them for the better.

In 1964, Martin Luther King, Jr. gave a speech at Page Auditorium to an overflow crowd. Students who couldn’t get a seat listened from outside on the lawn. Dr. King warned them that someday we would all have to atone, not only for the words and actions of the bad people, but for “the appalling silence and indifference of the good people, who sit around and say, ‘Wait on time.’”

Martin Luther King stood right here at Duke, and said: “The time is always right to do right.” For you, graduates, that time is now.
It will always be now.

It’s time to add your brick to the path of progress.

It’s time for all of us to move forward.
And it’s time for you to lead the way.
Thank you—and congratulations, Class of 2018!

还有好看的：

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那些年入百万的年轻人，都赢在同一个核心认知上

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